What are the key environmental factors that should be controlled in a greenhouse?

The key environmental factors that should be controlled in a greenhouse primarily include temperature, humidity, light, and ventilation. Each of these elements plays a crucial role in creating an optimal growing environment for plants.

Temperature is vital as it affects the metabolism and growth rate of plants. Maintaining appropriate temperatures ensures that plants can photosynthesize efficiently and grow at their optimal rates.

Humidity levels influence transpiration and nutrient uptake. High humidity can lead to mold and disease, while low humidity can cause plants to wilt. Controlling humidity helps ensure healthy plant growth and minimizes the risk of diseases.

Light is essential for photosynthesis, and greenhouses are often designed to maximize light exposure while protecting plants from excessive direct sunlight that can cause heat stress. The right amount and quality of light are crucial for photosynthetic efficiency and overall plant health.

Ventilation is necessary to control temperature and humidity within the greenhouse. Proper airflow prevents overheating and ensures that plants receive adequate carbon dioxide, which is vital for photosynthesis. Without proper ventilation, stagnant air can cause various problems, including increased humidity and mold growth.

The other options include factors that are important for plant growth and management but do not represent the environmental conditions that need to be actively controlled in a greenhouse setting. For example, soil composition, pest control