What is the primary function of perlite in soil media?

The primary function of perlite in soil media is to enhance soil aeration. Perlite is a lightweight, volcanic glass that expands when heated, creating a porous material that improves the structure of the growing medium. This increased porosity allows for better air exchange and promotes root health by providing oxygen to roots, which is crucial for their development and overall plant growth.

While perlite can retain some moisture, its main role is not water retention but rather to improve aeration and drainage. This characteristic makes it especially valuable in potting mixes and container gardening, where adequate air circulation around the roots is essential. Perlite does not supply organic matter or directly store nutrients; instead, it supports the overall structure of the media, allowing other components to perform those roles effectively.